Sins of Hester Prynne, Reverend Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth in

The Sins of Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth in The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is a study of the effects of sin on the hearts and minds of the main characters, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth. Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth. Sin strengthens Hester, humanizes Dimmesdale, and turns Chillingworth into a demon. Hester Prynne’s sin was adultery. This sin was regarded very seriously by the Puritans, and was often punished by death. Hester’s punishment was to endure a public shaming on a scaffold for three hours and wear a scarlet letter "A" on her chest for the rest of her life in the town. Although Hawthorne does not pardon Hester’s sin, he considers it less serious than those of Dimmesdale and Chillingworth. Hester’s sin was a sin of passion.   This sin was openly acknowledged as she wore the "A" on her chest. Hester did not commit the greatest sin of the novel. She did not deliberately mean to commit her sin or mean to hurt others.   Hester’s sin is that her passions and love were of more importance to her than the Puritan moral code. This is shown when she says to Dimmesdale, "What we did had a consecration of its own. We felt it so! We said so to each other!"   Hester fully acknowledged her guilt and displayed it with pride to the world. This was obvious by the way she displayed the scarlet letter. It was elaborately designed as if to show Hester was proud. Hester is indeed a sinner, adultery is no light matter, even today. On the other hand, her sin has brought her not evil, but good. Her charity to the poor, her comfort to the broken-hearted, her unquestionable presence in times of trouble are all direct results of   her quest for repe... ... Works Cited and Consulted Arvin, Newton. "Critical Extracts." Major Literary Characters. New York, 1990. 12-14. Bruckner, Sally. "The Scarlet Letter: Critical Evaluation." Masterplots. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Pasadena: Salem, 1996. 5847-5851. Dolan, Neal. "Thematic and Structural Analysis." The Scarlet Letter: Bloom's Notes. Philadelphia: Chelsea, 1996. 12-21. Durst Johnson, Claudia. Understanding The Scarlet Letter. Westport, Ct: Greenwood, 1995. McFarland Pennell, Melissa. Student Companion to Nathaniel Hawthorne. Westport: Greenwood, 1999. Morey, Eileen, ed. Readings on The Scarlet Letter. San Diego: Greenhaven, 1998. Sewall, Richard B. "The Scarlet Letter: Criticism." Novels for Students. Ed. Diane Telgen. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2001. 319-27. Wagenknecht, Edward. "Characters in The Scarlet Letter." Readings. San Diego, 1998. 58-72.

Organizational Behavior of Governance in Pakistan

NAME: YUSRA SIDDIQUI ERP ID: 05066 ASSIGNMENT # 01 THE ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND LEADERSHIP PATTERN IN PAKISTAN Pakistan has had a history of 65 years and within this passage of time one cannot say that the organizational behavior and leadership of this country has followed any particular pattern. Instead the country has gone through some major transformations since the day it came into being till the current date.A core purpose for the creation of Pakistan was that the Muslims of the subcontinent demanded a nation of their own where they had complete freedom to practice their religion and at the time of partition our country was geographically divided in two regions- East Pakistan (currently Bangladesh) and West Pakistan. The newly formed government of this baby born state comprising of Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan as the Prime Minister and Mr.Muhammad Ali Jinnah as the Governor General had to face major difficulties in managing East and West Pakistan as post partition riots had taken a toll and a great number of refugees moving from India to Pakistan had to be accommodated for. Other than this one of the major responsibility that needed to be catered for by the leaders of that time was to set up an efficient system of administration for the country. The two leaders didn’t stay alive long enough to cope up with all the problems rising in the state.Although at the time of formation of Pakistan it was declared as a country where people from all communities and religions could practice their religion with complete freedom but within the first decade the non-Ahmadiyya riots took place which was initiated by the intolerant Mullahs of that time. This resulted in loss of many lives and property. During the initial years when the government should have been focusing on policy making and constitution formation for the countries betterment in coming times, its major time was being wasted off in dealing with such crisis situations.In order to deal with the riots the go vernment of that time asked for military help and as a result the first martial law was declared in certain parts of the country in the year 1958. This martial law definitely served as a solution in ending up these riots but this took the leadership trend in Pakistan to new directions. Not very long after the first martial law, the era of wars aroused in Pakistan resulting in an even more shattered economic condition and destabilization of the state.The 1965 war was an attempt to conquer the Indian Kashmir land from the Pakistan side whereas India made an attempt to capture Lahore and Sialkot. The war ended in ceasefire and the leaders of that time from both the countries signed the â€Å"Tashkent declaration†. In 1970 democratic elections were held in Pakistan for the first time in which the Awami league (a political party with its roots in East Pakistan) got majority of the votes. However this was not accepted by the powerful politicians of West Pakistan and they urged on p ower sharing. Talks were made for the same purpose which failed.The whole situation struck a chaos in between the two wings of the nation and the war of 1971 ended forming a new nation Bangladesh from what was formerly East Pakistan and Pakistan was left with only West Pakistan. Right away after the war of 1971 General Yahya Khan handed over control of the country to Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and this again gave a chance to democracy in Pakistan. During the Six years tenure of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto the religious scholars and leaders of that time had a strong feeling that the policies formulated by the government were more of a secular nature and driving the nation away from Islam.The Chief of army staff General Zia-ul-Haq was encouraged by the leaders to take over the government and enforce a martial law. During this martial law period Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was also executed. In 1985 the martial law was lifted without any elections and Mr. Muhammed Khan Junejo was appointed as the Prime Minis ter of the country. However in 1988 after a blast at army ammunition camp at Ojheri Junejo’s government was dissolved and democratic elections took place through which Pakistan People’s Party came into power.Only two years after the elections of 1988 Benazir’s Government had been dismissed by president Ghulam Ishaq Khan. From 1990 to 1993 the country was lead by Mian Nawaz Sharif as prime minister and general elections were once again held in 1993 where Pakistan People’s Party once again won and came into power. This tenure didn’t last for more than three years and at the beginning of 1997 general elections were again held through which Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) came into power.By the end of 1999 General Pervaiz Musharraf dissolved the then existing government of Pakistan Muslim League and took over charge. Although this could not be categorized as a martial law but Pervaiz Musharaf enjoyed power in both the democracy as well as in the militar y by declaring himself as president as well as remaining head of army. Pervaiz Musharraf’s Tenure lasted for almost 9 years throughout which the country had to undergo many ups and downs.The war against terrorism after the 9/11 attacks caused a lot of chaos internationally as well as within the country. The freedom given to media in Pakistan created new dimensions in the political happenings of the country. Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif both returned to the country for empowerment of democracy. Benazir Bhutto got killed during a campaign for election rally. By August 2008 Pervaiz Musharraf resigned from the post of president and once again from 2008 till date the nation is being ruled by Pakistan People’s Party.Going through this history one can comment for sure that the behavior of the organizations which have governed the country over the last 65 years especially the later ones, had one thing in common and that is the desire to keep themselves in power. Rather than being a source of welfare for the people of the country and having an objective to focus on ways of how to create and flourish prosperity throughout the nation, the people who came in power had more focus on ways to flourish their own welfare and prosperity but that to in a very clever way.This way is such that most of the population of Pakistan which comprises of illiterate majorities is being fooled in a way that they feel that the governments are working and putting an effort for the welfare and well being of the country. This is done by bonding through various means especially through common cultures and traditions or by sympathizing with crowds and giving them an impression that their grief is the government’s greatest concern and the government itself has gone through a lot of sorrows and disasters for the empowerment of its people.Although the masses where the literacy rate is quite low do start believing these conspiracies plotted by the democratic government and beg in to have this feeling that the people in power are actually concerned for them and want their welfare but people who are more aware and educated have realized it long time back that be it any government either from their community or from any other community, its sole purpose during its tenure is to maximize its own welfare and gains.

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Swot Analysis for Management - 1784 Words

Throughout my college career, I have been involved in a wide variety of organizations and internships that not only refined my business skills, but also provided me the realistic experience in the business realm. I have experienced a wide-range of activities and work that span from selling automobile parts to providing services to patients recovering from substance abuse and mental illness. Throughout this journey, I was given an opportunity to not only develop my business marketing skills, but allowed a glimpse of the industry (and the systematic process of that particular field) as well. One particular occupation that sticks out is the sales position at RadioShack. During my freshman year in college, I began working at RadioShack to†¦show more content†¦In early summer 1995, it was elected that the name Radio Shack would be spelled in CamelCase as RadioShack, and a new logo would be launched (2) During this radical transformation, RadioShack began solidifying their position in the electronic goods market. Currently, RadioShack has more than 6,000 stores operating all over the world which include Europe, Central America and Africa. RadioShack generates $2.24 billion in operating revenues and net sales. They also carry a wide variety of electronic products that range from audio and video equipment to cell phones (Wikipedia.com, 1). The SWOT analysis can be used to not only evaluate RadioShack s current attributes, but also assess the factors that can support or impair RadioShack s survivability. Strength Radioshack has been in the electronic goods market for over 30 years providing quality service and fulfilling the consumer s desire for new and dependable technology. The image that RadioShack has developed and carefully processed has greatly served RadioShack s efforts. When consumers want or need any type of electronic accessory such as rechargeable batteries, consumers know that these items can be found at a nearby Radioshack. Due to the strong brand name and image that RadioShack has developed, consumers know that they will be purchasing high quality and dependableShow MoreRelatedSwots: Strategic Management and Swot Analysis10122 Words   |  41 Pages SWOT usage SWOT has been used by countless practitioners, marketing researchers, and is a frequent and popular tool for business marketing and strategy students. Its simplicity and catchy acronym perpetuates its usage in business and beyond as the tool is used to assess alternatives and complex decision situations. 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Motivation and Commitment for the Social Work Profession Free Essays

X 1) Motivation and Ccommitment for the Social Work Profession As I reminisce back upon my life there are many experiences and factors that have affected and shaped who I am today. If you examine Nature vs. Nurture, Ive always coincluded that human expression is not just black and white, there is a definite grey area where both nature (genetics) and nurture (environment) combine. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Commitment for the Social Work Profession or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, childhood experiences or family dynamics can either make or break you as a person depending on whether you allow negative experiences or less than ideal environments to detrimentally affect the way in which you view the world. You can prevail forward or stay with the natural human tendency to digress in the past but you decide how long you want that period of digression to be. My immediate family growing up was my father, stepmother, mother, and my twin brothers. My parent’s divorced when I was two. My mother was severely depressed; because of this I did not see her again until I was eight years old. I dont remember a lot from when I was young but I do recall my brothers and I visiting our mother under supervision in a playroom of a human services building. She explained to us that she was better and could soon keep us every other weekend. My mother was better for a while but the depression came in cycles, sometimes she was up and other times she was down. My twin brothers were born mentally challenged on the mild spectrum. As I watched my mother and brothers struggle with trials and tribulations of life, I realized how much I enjoy helping others cope with the obstacles and barriers that can come with life, with or without a disability that brings life into another realm. Which is how I came to work with several different companies serving various populations such as, mentally challenged, mentally ill, physically disabled and Traumatic Brain Injury. My interest in social work and psychology began as a teenager in my first psychology class my freshman year in high school. I was fascinated with how the brain works and what influences and shapes the human mind. I told my parent’s at this time my dream of becoming a therapist. As a teenager I always wanted to give support and give advice to my friends. I wanted to help others through their challenges. We all face challenges in life, we all have to face fear at one time or another, every challenge and fear is a chance to gain courage or strength you never knew you had inside you. I began pursuing my bachelors degree at the age of twenty one. I attended school, work, and at the same time held up the role of single motherhood. It was testing and exhausting at times but the feeling of accomplishment at the end was well worth it. After receiving my degree I knew eventually I would want to climb further up the education ladder when I was ready. I wanted a break to gain more work experience serving others. This year I decided was the right time to look into a masters degree program. I was fond of the multidimensional contexts mentioned in the Advanced Generalist Concentration description for the second year. It is important to learn the different levels and aspects of cultures and the influences thereof, in order to better understand and empathize with the individuals you serve as a social worker. My future career goals after I complete the program: I hope to work in a clinic or resource center for individuals with HIV and work towards further prevention and education to the public. I am going to obtain a minor in Drug and Alcohol Counseling so I can better serve this population. After gaining some work experience to broaden my perspective and knowledge, I hope to open my own therapy practice in order to help others through their challenges and succeed in life. 2) A Social Issue of Concern A social issue of concern for me is the stigmatizing of individuals with HIV in society. As the HIV/AIDS epidemic marks its thirtieth year, you can state a lot has changed since 1981 when what was thought of as the gay plague which had symptoms ssimilar to pneumonia and Kaposis Sarcoma, such as, fever, fatigue, rash, swollen lymph nodes, and sore throat. Although many individuals experience no symptoms at all, feel, and appear healthy for several years. A few years later this would come to be known as HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Now thirty years later society, professionals, and doctors know more about HIV transmission, treatment, and prevention. Society may know more but do they know enough to keep ignorance and stigma at bay? A recent survey performed by the Kaiser Family Foundation shows substantial shares of Americans continue to express discomfort at the idea of interacting with people living with HIV. For example 45% say theyd be uncomfortable having their food prepared by someone who is HIV-positive, 36% with having an HIV roommate, 29% having their child in a classroom with an HIV-positive teacher, and 18 ppercent working with someone who is HIV-positive. One statistic that does show some promise in decreasing stigma and ignorance within society is the share stating theyd be very comfortable working with someone who has HIV increased from about a third in 1997 to roughly half in 2011. (www. kff. org/kaiserpolls[-0]) Unfortunately other results show the public is still ignorant about modes of transmission of HIV. The KFF survey also shows that over the past twenty years, roughly one in four Americans have continued to either believe that one can get HIV from a drinking glass, or remain unsure whether it is the case. What do these statistics tell about stigma and ignorance within the general public? It says that potentially stigmatizing and dincriminating attitudes still persist. There are a few factors that I believe led to this outcome, 1) The public is not being educated enough in the schools, television, and doctors offices and hospitals are prime places where we can get the information out there. ) More doctors are suggesting HIV tests for non-elderly, 29% but so far it doesn’t translate into an increase in reports of actually getting an HIV test. About one in five non-elderly adults say they have been tested for HIV in the past 12 months which is a ppercentage that has held steady since 1997. 3) The information about how HIV is contracted and testing routes/sites needs to get out not to just high-risk population but to the general population as well. Although society ddiscrimination, HIV itself does not discriminate. (statistics obtained from: www. kff. rg/kaiserpolls) 1. Society Response When speaking of HIV in general, people get defensive and uncomfortable. This is where peer advocacy at testing sites, community education sites, and in the clinics/hospitals is vital because those living with HIV can share their stories and show others the different types of people that contract HIV. So a face can be put with the virus, show others that you cant tell who has HIV by looking at someone. Also, a belief that comes into play is that if you talk about sex, even safe sex, that people will be encouraged to have more of it. In reality the opposite rings true. The more that educators and hospital professionals talk about safe sex and STDs, the more comfortable others are talking with their sex partners on the subject. The more you know about a topic, the more confident you feel to discuss it with others. 3) Personal Strengths, Skills, Knowledge, Qualities and Limitations Ive always had an altruistic personality, compassion for others, ability to empathize with external and internal human struggles. In high school I enjoyed giving advice and being the sympathetic ear to my friends. Growing older, I enjoyed listening to and talking with mature adults at work with every day contact I gained more knowledge about their life experience. I was always fascinated when discussing the way they handled their trials and tribulations. I always had a thirst for knowledge whether it is the spoken words of others, reading books, enjoying new experiences, or researching online. Some professionals who receive vast education, or are in their chosen profession for a long time, come to believe they have learned it all. They get stuck in a rut like doctors treating numbers, not treating the patient. I dont believe I will ever get to that place in my career. At the start and at the end of the day, you need to remember your purpose for yourself and for others. Its innate for all of us to need human experience, to be loved and accepted, to feel needed, to make others happy. In summary, a thirst for human knowledge, an understanding that society and people are forever changing, the ability to empathize with others, and the human experience in general, is what makes an effective social worker. One of my limitations is that I often underestimate myself. Because of that I put limitations on myself that dont need to be there. I let fear of success get in the way of success. However, Ive come to realize this and I do my best to strive further and not give up. There are always obstacles in life whether it is emotional, physical, or environmental. One must learn to get around them, work with them, or run right through them. 4) Ethics and Values My personal values are seen in the work I have chosen to do tthroughout my life. Ive worked with the mentally challenged, mentally ill, and physically challenged individuals for many years. I believe no matter what the differences and limitations are, we as human beings all deserve respect, dignity, and the same opportunities that all Americans are provided. The right to vote, obtain an education, right to work, to serve in the community, have resources available, and to live and experience life to its fullest; are rights and privileges we all have. Some do not realize how in the past those that differ from the norm have had to fight and struggle for these rights, many had to experience anguish, despair, and isolation when institutionalization was standard and no rights were given to these individuals. In 1955 the institutions were slowly shutdown for the most part and deinstitutionalization became the standard. The mentally challenged, physically disabled and mentally ill were more accepted and iintegrated into the community, the educational system, into paid work and vocational positions, the government and state provided adaptions so they could gain access to the community and use their rights. There is always more work to do. The general public has little concept of how significant the population of disabled individuals is, more educating to the public needs to be put into place on how prevalent physical, intellectual, and mental disorders are, for example, the CDC reported 1 in 110 children in the United States have an Autism spectrum disorder, 13% of children have a developmental disability and the last count in 1993 the CDC found 1. 5 million children and adults ages 6-64 had intellectual disabilities. As a social worker one will work with people from all walks of life, characters, belief systems, religion, culture, race, and value systems. Also depending on these factors, the issues individuals deal with in their day to day lives will vary. You have to put your ego and your own beliefs that may be different from theirs aside and take your profession seriously, but dont take yourself too seriously. Put the person youre serving first and remember the service youre providing, whatever your field may be. People will come in with conflicting beliefs, religions, and backgrounds, but unless you have walked in their shoes its not for you to judge or change their mind. However, you are required to report incidents such as, abuse, homicidal and suicidal intentions (if there is a plan set out). You are there to offer help with resources and advice on the use of those resources available to the individual. 5) Meaningful Volunteer and/or Work experience For the year of 2007 I worked for Quality Living Inc. in Omaha, Nebraska, this is a rehab facility specializing in TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) and Spinal Cord Injury. Never having worked with this population, it was an eye opening experience to see several people go from living an independent life, to losing the ability to walk or go to the bathroom, losing the ability to speak, process thoughts, control of their muscles, having to relearn everything and not fully gain back certain skills. Also teaching and helping struggling families gain skills to cope and work with their loved ones as well. One tough situation among many was a family with a seventeen year old daughter who was ran over by a vehicle at night; she had a TBI and was in a comma. I watched the family by her side and praying for her to wake up every day. This hit close to my heart because I have a daughter as well and I thought to myself how heartbroken I would be if that happened to her. You are reminded of how valuable life is and how important the moments are that you spend with those you love. I had never assisted people who were in such extensive need of various services. The individuals attended physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and relearning everyday living skills to gain back the skills they lost. I didn’t know the need for this service was so extensive. There are few facilities like it which specialize in TBI and SCI. There are rehabilitation hospitals who offer ssimilar therapies and resources but not to this extent and not as individualized. The creator of Quality Living was one person and a community of families with loved ones who have TBI and/or Spinal Cord Injury who werent getting the services they desperately needed. Working with the individuals and those who work for them, reminded me of the power and perseverance of the human spirit to overcome any obstacle. ) Cultural Diversity Experience a. I have some experience working with diverse cultures. I worked as a nursing assistant in various facilities, nursing homes, group homes, and hospitals, assisting with personal care and daily living. Working with the elderly you see how people come from different backgrounds and how it affects who they are today. You also see how dementia and Alzheimers affects the brain and physical function. As I went over before, I worked with individuals with physical and mental disabilities; I still do to this day. I gained a lot of patience and understanding from this work. You come across various behaviors that can be aggressive, violent, emotional, and this will challenge you emotionally and intellectually as well. This will also at times drain you physically and emotionally. At the end of the day you get these reminders: a friendship gained, a smile, a thank you, an apology, a new experience, being able to teach someone and help someone. You see youve made a difference despite the difficult days that come and go. b. I have not had professional experience working with many different ethnicities and/or nationalities. However, I have had personal experience with friendships and co-workers of various national origins such as, Africa, Persia, Mexico, India, Ecuador, Haiti, Columbia, France, Portugal and Britain. I myself love learning about different cultures, their views, beliefs, traditions, history, and food of course, its all very fascinating to me. c. I am most comfortable working with those my age or between 20-40 years of age because I can more easily relate and be at the same level maturity and intellect. I also am comfortable with those who have disabilities and mental illnesses, having professional and personal experience with this population I am more apt to see the person, not just their disability. d. After careful thought there is not a population I am uncomfortable working with. 7. ) Social Support and Financial Plan I plan on applying for school loans and sscholarships. As well as meeting with the financial assistance and sscholarship offices. Currently my husband and I are looking into starting a non-profit shelter for female veterans out of our home. We have already begun contacting individuals within The National Veterans Wellness and Healing Center which host retreats for veteran couples and also works constantly on assisting veterans with obtaining the resources that are available to them. While I am at school and doing work credit hours my husband will take care of the business, along with our business partners we will also hire extra people to assist us with running the business. I am very excited about this endeavor and feel my further education with New Mexico State would contribute a great deal to this and future endeavors. [-0] – http://www. kff. org/kaiserpolls How to cite Motivation and Commitment for the Social Work Profession, Papers

Dynamic Business Application Framework †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Dynamic Business Application Framework. Answer: Introduction: The presentation layer supports the Java EE web modules are either a web pages or servlets which are created by using JSF (Java Server Faces) or Java Server Pages (JSP technology) Servlets are Java software design language classes which dynamically construct responses and process requests. Java Server Pages are text-oriented documents which can run as a servlets but permit a number of natural method to create a static content. (JSF) Java Server Faces technology constructs on JSP technology and servlets and offers a user interface (UI) element framework for web applications ("Java EE Security Essentials - Dzone Refcardz", 2017). The Business tier supports user services over the Web containers in Web tier and also maintenances business logic part services over the EJBTM (Enterprise JavaBeans TM) containers in Enterprise Java Beans tier. An Enterprise beans permits the application developer to focus on business logic. The EJB element model is a pillar of industrial-strength based application designs in J2EE software design model (Muir, 2010). The JSF is used for presentation layer. The main purpose of JSF is to collect data or transfer data to the EJB in business layer. Java Server faces offer interaction among the application and User. When the user press on list property button then the request is transferred to Enterprise Java Beans that in chances to provide a data using JPA. The EJB are the basic of application. The business layer accepts request from Java Server Faces, process the request and then pass it on to the JPA in term JPA execute queries and send the data to EJB that again forward it to the presentation layer. JPA is the third layer i.e. data access layer that provides the access to the Java Data Base and serves the requests of the EJB Java Data Base stores the structured data, which JPA uses to fetch different forms of data (Hu, 2016). There are different types of pages in the application. To link them together managed beans are used. Managed beans are used to go from one page to another. Managed beans uses backed beans to hold the data and properties of the components. After user enters a property in add property page and clicks Add button at this point the Managed Bean gets activated and sends the control to the next page which is Java Server Faces (Presentation Layer) Enterprise JavaBeans (Business Layer) Java Persistent API JavaDB propertylists.xhtml, a Property added successfully message is shown to the user and a lists of properties are displayed to the user. Then there are options to go back to main page on every subpages which users enters from the main page. The application comprises a web module and an Enterprise Java Bean module. The web module encloses the servlets in order to displaying as well as posting the communications and a singleton session bean, which calculates the various number of users that session. The Enterprise Java Bean module has an entity class, session frontage designed for class that have entities and a message-driven bean. The Web Tier contains the presentation logic of the application and runs on a Java EE server. In the PropManage application, the Web Tier is represented by the web module and contains servlets (Application, 2017). Business Tier applications also run on Java Enterprise Edition servers and contain the business logic of the application. In the PropManage application, the Business Tier is represented by the Enterprise Java Bean module. References Application, M. (2017).Multilevel Navigation - Enterprise Application.Ux.stackexchange.com. Retrieved 2 October 2017, from https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/83436/multilevel-navigation-enterprise-application Hu, Y. (2016). Study and Design a Dynamic E-business Application Framework Based on Java EE and Web Service.International Journal Of Database Theory And Application,9(11), 37-48. https://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijdta.2016.9.11.04 Java EE Security Essentials - Dzone Refcardz. (2017).dzone.com. Retrieved 2 October 2017, from https://dzone.com/refcardz/getting-started-java-ee Muir, P. (2010). The Programming Model of Java EE 6. Retrieved from https://in.relation.to/assets/Java%20EE%20Programming%20Model.pdf